List Of Major Dam India (highest , longest, oldest)

Dam In India
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The questions asked in the Bank exam, railway exam, SSC exam and other state level exam in the General Awareness section are based on areas like the history of Politics, Geography, Sports and many more. One of the crucial topics that are asked in the G.A section is the knowledge about Dams.

General Awareness is a major section for all Government exams such as Bank exams, SSC exams, RRB exams etc. In this section, questions based on topics related to the current affairs or based on static topics. Therefore, first, we should have a clear understanding of the Dams.

What is Dam?

A dam is a barrier that stops the flow of water and results in the creation of a reservoir. Dams are mainly built in order to produce electricity by using water. This form of electricity is known as hydroelectricity. Reservoirs created by dams not only
suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability.

The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC.

Type of Dam:

There are many dams in India, and hence there is a need to know about them as there are questions based on the dams of India. The Bank Exams like IBPS or SBI contains questions from this section.

Based on the structure the types of dams are as mentioned below:

1.     Arch Dam: An arch dam is a concrete dam that is curved upstream in the plan. It is designed so that the hydrostatic pressure (force of the water against it) presses against the arch, causing the arch to straighten slightly and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments. An arch dam is most suitable for narrow canyons or gorges with steep walls of stable rock to support the structure and stresses.

2.     Gravity Dam: Dams constructed from concrete or stone masonry are Gravity dams. They are designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation to oppose the horizontal pressure of water pushing against it. These are designed in such a way that eachsection of the dam is stable and independent of other section.

3.     Arch-Gravity Dam: This dam has the characteristics of both an arch dam and a gravity dam. It is a dam that curves upstream in a narrowing curve that directs most of the water pressure against the canyon rock walls. The inward compression of the dam by the water reduces the lateral (horizontal) force acting on the dam.

4.     Barrages: A barrage is a type of low-head, diversion dam which consists of a number of large gates that can be opened or closed to control the amount of water passing through. This allows the structure to regulate and stabilize river water elevation upstream for use in irrigation and other systems.