Details: How the President of India is elected ?
The Election Commission has notified the election of India’s next President on July 18. A look at the voting procedure.
On July 18, elected MLAs and MPs over the country will vote to elect India’s 15th President. Under Article 62(1) of the Constitution, “an election to fill a vacancy caused by the expiration of the term of office of President shall be completed before the expiration of the term”. President Ram Nath Kovind’s tenure ends on July 25.07.2022.
What is the election process?
The President is elected by an electoral college consisting of MPs of both Houses of Parliament and MLAs of the states and Delhi and Puducherry. Nominated members of Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha and the Assemblies, and members of state Legislative Councils, are not part of the electoral college.
The votes are weighted, their value determined by the population of each state as per Census 1971. The value of each MLA’s vote varies from a high of 208 in Uttar Pradesh to a low of 7 in Sikkim. This means that UP’s 403 MLAs contribute 208 × 403 = 83,824 votes to the electoral pool, while Sikkim’s 32 MLAs contribute 32 × 7 = 224 votes. The weighted votes from all the Assemblies add up to 5.43 lakh.
The process demands that the 776 MPs (543 in Lok Sabha, 233 in Rajya Sabha) should contribute the same total of votes as the MLAs. Thus, the value of each MP’s vote is 5.43 lakh divided by 776, rounded off to 700. The combined electoral pool from the Assemblies and Parliament adds up to 10.86 lakh.
How are the ruling alliance and the opposition placed?
The BJP-led NDA is far ahead of the Congress and its allies, but still short of the halfway mark at the moment. Adding up the votes of the MLAs and MPs on either side, but still not counting the 57 vacant Rajya Sabha seats (16 of which go to polls on Friday while the other 41 have had MPs elected unopposed), the NDA has 48% of the votes (BJP 42% and allies 6%), while the Congress (13.5%) and its allies (10.5%) have 24%. These allies include the DMK, Shiv Sena, NCP, JMM and smaller parties like the Muslim League, VCK, RSP and MDMK.
Behind the two alliances, the Trinamool Congress has 5.4%, YSRCP 4%, Biju Janata Dal 2.85%, and the Left parties 2.5%, with the rest of the votes held by various parties.
The BJP is banking on the YSRCP and the BJD and some other parties to support its candidate. Support from either YSRCP or BJD would take the NDA candidate beyond the halfway mark. Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik met Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 30, and Andhra Pradesh CM Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy called on the PM last week.
On the Opposition side, it unsettled to be seen which way the TRS, Samajwadi Party and AAP will vote. The TRS, which was once considered a agnostic and even backed the government on some key Bills, has been attacking the BJP of late. The AAP is at loggerheads with both the Congress and the BJP.
| President List Of India | ||||
| Sr No | President | From | To | |
| 1 | Rajendra Prasad | 26 Jan 1950 | 13 may 1962 | |
| 2 | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | 13 may 1962 | 13 may 1967 | |
| 3 | Zakir Hussain | 13 May 1967 | 03 May 1969 | |
| — | V.V Giri | 03 May 1969 | 20 July 1969 | |
| — | Mohammad Hidayatullah | 20 July 1969 | 24 August 1969 | |
| 4 | V.V Giri | 24 August 1969 | 24 August 1974 | |
| 5 | Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | 24 August 1974 | 11 February 1977 | |
| — | B.D Jatti | 11 February 1977 | 25 July 1977 | |
| 6 | Neelam Sanjiv Reddy | 25 July 1977 | 25 July 1982 | |
| 07 | Zail Singh | 25 July 1982 | 25 July 1987 | |
| 08 | Ramaswamy Venkatarman | 25 July 1987 | 25 July 1992 | |
| 09 | Shankar Dayal Sharma | 25 July 1992 | 25 July 1997 | |
| 10 | K.R. Narayanan | 25 July 1997 | 25 July 2002 | |
| 11 | A.P.J Abdul Kalam | 25 July 2002 | 25 July To 2007 | |
| 12 | Pratibha Patil | 25 July 2007 | 25 July To 2012 | |
| 13 | Pranab Mukherjee | 25 July 2012 | 25 July 2017 | |
| 14 | Ram Nath Kovind | 25 July N 25 July 2017 | Incumbent (Term End On 25 July 2022) | |
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